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Diving
developed in Europe in the 17th century, when gymnasts
practised their acrobatics over water.
Combining artistry and athleticism with undeniable
courage - platform divers hit the water at about 55km/h
- diving ranks among the Olympic Games' most
exhilarating events. In 1988, Greg Louganis of the
United States, arguably the greatest Olympic diver in
history, cracked his head on the springboard while
attempting a reverse 2.5 pike. After receiving stitches,
Louganis went on to win gold in both men's events.
Competitors perform a series of dives and are awarded
points up to 10, depending upon their elegance and
skill. The points are then adjusted for the degree of
difficulty, based on the number and types of manoeuvres
attempted, such as somersaults, pikes, tucks and twists.
A reverse 1.5 somersault with 3.5 twists, for example,
is among the most difficult.
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